Relay winding



Jan. 26; 1937. M KEEFE 2,068,682

RELAY WINDING Filed June 29, 1933 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 I JIIE QZ; A.

M' JE INVENTOR Lincoln )1. Keefe ATTORNEYS Jan. 26, 1937. L. M. KEEFE2,068,682

RELAY WINDING Filed June 29, 1933 I 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 5 INVENTORATTORNEYS.

Patented Jan, 2 1937 UNITED 'STATES PATENT OFFICE 1 2,068,682 RELAYwmnmo Lincoln M. Keefe, Springfield, Mass. Application June 29,1933,Serial No. 678,209 Claims. (Cl- 175-320) windings terminate in suitableterminals; selectively connecting one of said windings to a source ofcurrent, thereby building up a small initial flux in the core so thatwhen the second coil isconl5 nected to a source of current the fluxrapidly builds up to 'a maximum and attracts the armature of the relay.When one of the coils is con:- nected to a source of current the flux isnot of sufficient strength to attract the armature, but when the secondcoil is excited, the flux having initially been built up part of theway, builds up to a maximum very rapidly and the response of thearmature is faster than it has been possible to obtain heretofore. 1 Afurther object of the invention is the provision of means forselectively short circuiting one of said windings and subsequentlysupplying current to the other of said windings, thereby slowing downthe speed at which the flux builds up in the coils and resulting in aslow acting magnet.

Another object of the invention is the provision in a relay of a magnetcoil having a double winding thereon so arranged that before theoperation thereof one of said coils may be-excited to provide an initialflux in its core, whereupon the act of supplying current to the secondcoil causes the flux in the core to build up to a maximum very rapidlyand thereby actuate the armature, whereupon the movement of the armature1 disconnects the first coil from the source of current and shortcircuits the same so that when the current flowing to the second coil isinterrupted there is a time lag inthe release of the armature.

A still further object of the invention is the provision in relays ofsimple and effective toggle springs and adjustments therefor. Otherobjects of the invention will be apparent 50 to those skilled in theart. n j Referring to the drawings:, V Figure 1 is an elevation of adouble acting relay including one embodiment oi the invention;

Figure 2 is an elevation 0! a double acting relay 55 including twodouble wound magnet windings;

Figure 3 is a plan view of the relay shown in Figure 2;

Figure 4 is an enlarged view of the relay shown in Figure 2 with thearmature and the parts containing the adjustment screws shown in section5 along the line 4-4 of Figure 3;

Figure 5 is a view partly in section along the line 5-5 of Figure 4; 4

Figure 6 is a perspective view 'ofithe toggle adjustment screw arm; i

Figure 7 is a perspective view of the toggle springy v Figure 8 is aview, partly in section, of a solenoid employing the new and improveddouble winding;

Figure 9 is a diagrammatic view showing a 15 single acting relayemploying the new and improved double winding \and having contactorsactuated by the armature thereof and so arranged in circuit with a;source of current that the armature thereof is rapidly actuated and v 20slowly released; and

Figure 10 is a magnetization curve showing approximately the building upof the flux in the core when the magnet coil is arranged to act rapidlyand also when it is arranged to act slowly.

In the tabulating and other record controlled machines and in mastercontrol devices such as shown and described .in copending applicationSerial No. 554,191, filed July 31, ,1931, of which the presentapplication is a continuation in part, 30

it is sometimes advantageous to have one. or more relays operate veryrapidly, at *a normal rate of speed, or veryslowly, according to'the'pattern of the indicia in the record cards. Heretofore, this has beenimpossible, but the new and improved magnet winding herein disclosed anddescribed makes it not only entirely possible but very easilyaccomplished.

When it is desired to have the armature of a relay operate very fast,current is sent through 40 the small winding of the magnet coil bringingthe magnetic flux up to the point, for example, indicated at Y on themagnetization curve, Figure 10, which is not of suflicient strength toattract the armature of the relay. This is done at some time previous tothe instant atwhich the relay is required to operate. Now having themagnet core partiallymagnetized (up to the point Y on the curve F) theinitial time element required to build the flux up to the point Y issaved. Therefore, when current is sent through the second or mainwinding of the magnet coil the magnetic flux takes less time to buildup'from the point Y to the maximum than it would take to build up fromzero to the maximum, resulting in less time passing by between theexcitation of the main magnet winding and the movement of the annature.

If the terminals of the small winding are left open and no current ispassed through, when the main winding is excited the armature respondsat a normal speed.

If the terminals of the small winding are short circuited the windingacts as a choke and retards the building up or the demagnetization ofthe core when the main winding is connected to or disconnected from asource of current as indicated by the curve S in Figure 10.

The relay shown in Figure 1 consists of a main frame 20. A V slot 2| isformed in the body 20 and serves as a bearing for the knife edge 22 ofthe armature 23. The frame 29 has sides 24 and 25 formed at right anglesto the straight portion containing the V slot 2i and serve as supportsfor the magnet coils 26 and 21.

The magnet coil 26 consists of a single winding 28 upon a core 29between the insulated heads 39 and 31. A bushing 32 is tapped into theframe side member 24 and a screw 34 passes through the bushing 32 into athreaded hole in the core 29, thereby securing the magnet 26 to theframe. The screw 34 may be loosened and the bushing 32 screwed into orout of the frame member 24, thereby adjusting the position of the core29 relative to the armature 23. When the proper position is obtained thescrew 34 may be permanently tightened and the bushing 32 may be lockedrelative to the frame member 24 by the lock nut 14.

The magnet coil 21 consists of a core 35, having heads of insulation 36,31 and 33 secured thereto. A main winding 39 is provided on the magnetcore 35 between the heads 36 and 31 and an auxiliary winding 40 isprovided on the core 35 between the heads 31 and 38. For convenience,the ends of the windings 23, 39 and 49 may terminate in a series ofconnecting strips some of which are shown at 4i. A screw 42, a sleeve 43and a lock nut 44 are provided for adjusting the position of the magnetcore 35 relative to the armature 23 in the same manner as described inconnection with the adjustment of the magnet core 23.

The frame side member 25 is bent at right angles forming a flat portion46 and the portion 46 is bent at right angles forming a second flat sideparallel to the side member 25. A hole 41 is provided in the member 45in line with the bushing 43 so that the bushing and the screw 42 may beadjusted therethrough.

The flat portion 46 forms a support for the connection strips 4|,contact members and the toggle adjustment screw supporting arm whichwill be presently described.

The armature 23 has the bottom face thereof in the form or a knife edge22 and has secured thereto a pair oi split contact arms 48 and 49 andeach of the contact arms is provided with a double contact point 59.

The armature 23 also has a plate 51 secured thereto in any suitablemanner. The plate 5| has holes 52 and 53 formed therein adapted to beengaged by hooks 54 and 55 formed in a toggle spring designatedgenerally by the numeral 56.

The flat portion 46 has supported thereon ametallic block 51 whichserves as a support for the arm 58. the arm being secured to the blockby means 0! screws 59. This arm has one end bent in the form of a Uthrough which holes and Glare tapped in line with each other. Afterthese holes are tapped the sides of the u are bent apart slightly sothat when a screw is screwed into the holes 69 and ii the tensiontherebetween tends to lock the screw in any position.

A filister head type of screw 62 is screwed into the holes 60 and 6] anda groove 63 is provided in the head of the screw to engage a flatportion 64 of the toggle spring 56. The spring 56 also has circularloops 65 and 661ormed therein and by screwing the screw 62 back andforth in the holes 69 and 6| and the arm 53, the toggle action may beadjusted, and once the proper adjustment is obtained this adjustment :isretained due to the tension on the threads thereof by the U shapedportion of the arm.

A screw 61 pmes through the hole II in the arm 53 and engages threads ina hole 63 in the bar 51. A spring 63 surrounds the screw 61 and ispositioned between the bar 51 and the arm 53. By screwing the screw 61into the bar 51 the loops 65 and 66 in the spring 56 are slightly woundup resulting in greater tension of the spring against the holes 52 and53 in the plate 5| carried by the armature 23 and the head of the screw62. By loosening the screw 61 this tension may be decreased.

The flat portion 46 also insulatedly supports a plurality of contactstrips 4| previously described and the contact arms 10 and H. Thecontact arm 10 is provided with a contact point 12 and the contact arm His provided with a contact point 13. The contact point 12 is adapted tocooperate with the double contact 53 carried by the armature member 49in one position and the contact point 13 is adapted to cooperate withthe contact point 59 in the other position of the armature 23.

Due to the toggle action, the armature 23, when attracted by one of themagnet cores, swings over to a point adjacent to the actuating core andremainsin this position until the magnet core opposite is energized. Forexample, in Figure 1, as shown, the core 35 has attracted the armature23 to the right and established contact between the center contacts 56and the contacts 13 on the contact arms il. remain in this positionuntil the opposite core 23 is energized by having current passed throughits winding 23, whereupon said core will attract the armature and swingthe same over until contact is established between the center contacts59 and the contacts 12 on the contact arms 13 and the armature 23 willremain in this position until again attracted by the magnet core 35.

The magnet core 29 with its winding 23 functions at a normal rate ofspeed, whereas the magnet core 35 with the main winding 39 and theauxiliary winding 43, may be caused to function at normal speed,abnormal speed, and sub-normal speed. To function at normal speed themain winding 39 is used only. To function at abnormal speed (faster) theauxiliary winding 43 is excited previous to the instant at which themagnet must function, building up an initial flux in the core, so thatwhen the main winding is excited the time increment required for theflux to build up to a maximum is less. To function at subnormal speeds(slower) the auxiliary winding 43 is short-circuited so that it acts asa choke to retard the'building up of flux in the core to a maximum.

In the modification shown in Figures 2 and 4, the magnet core 29 is alsoprovided with a main winding 16 and an auxiliary winding 15, the mainwinding being positioned on the core 29 between The armature will theheads 13 and "fund the auxiliary win I aooaees between the heads 11 and18. Conections between these windings and the connector strips on theopposite side of the block 51 are carried out in the same manner asthose between the windings 88 and 48 and the connector strips ll inFigure 2.

All operative points of the relay may terminate in a series of,pluggable jacks, so that selective connections may be made thereto bymeans or plug wires. The contact arm 18 may terminate in a jack 88, theframe of the relay may terminate in a jack BI and the contact arm 1I maytermi--v nate in a jack 82. The jack 88 may be termed the break jack,the jack 8I may be termed the hinge" jack and'the jack 82 may be termedthe make jack. A pair of jacks is provided and connected to asourceofcurrent, the jack I85 being connected to the positive side ofthe source and the jack I48 being connected to the negative side of saidsource. This terminology is the same as that used in referring to thejacks in co-pending application Serial Number 554,191, filed July 31,1931.

When the magnet core 85 is energized, the

armature 28 will be attracted thereto' and the contact 58 carried by thearmature will make contact with the contact point 12 carried by thecontact arm H, and when the magnet core 28 is energized the armature 28is attracted thereto and contact between the contactpoint 58 and thecontact point 12 is broken, whereupon contact is established between thecontact point 58 and the contact point 12 carried by the contact arm 18.The main winding 88 on thecore 85 may terminate in jacks 88 and 84 andthe auxiliary winding 48 may terminate in jacks 85 and 88. The jacks 88and 84 may be termed the (M) Main", meaning the main winding on themakemagnet coil, andtof guide the making of proper connections theretothese jacks are labeled plus and minus.

The jacks 85 and 88 may be termed the (M) y make magnet coil. polaritiesindicated These jacks also have their to facilitate in making the properconnectionsthereto. In bothcases, theplus jacks may connect to theoutside ends of I the windings, and the jacks labeledminu's may beconnected to the inside ends of the windings (nearest to the magnet core85). Likewise, the main brea winding 18 on the core 28 may terminate inJacks 81 and, 88, and the auxiliary 'break winding 15 may terminate injacks 88 and 88.

This arrangement of jacks makes it possible to excite either or both ofthe cores 28 and 85 by means of the auxiliary windings 15 and 8,respectively, in the manner hereinbeiore described, so

' that when the main windings 18 or 88 are energized the flux in eithercore rapidly builds up to a maximum and causes a fast response of thearmature 28; or the magnet cores 28 and/or may be operated normally bythe use 01' the main windings 88 or 18 alone; or either of magnet coresmay be caused to build up slowly by shortcircuiting its auxiliarywinding so that when the main winding is energized the choking effect ofthe short-circuiting auxiliary winding causes the flux therein to buildup slowly, with the consequent slow working of the armature 28.

With this arrangement it is quite evident that it is possible toselectively connect the windingsof the relay so that it will (1) makerapidly and break rapidly; (2) make rapidly and break slowly; ,(3) makerapidly and break at a normal rate of meaning the auxiliary winding ofthe.

- ly by short-circuiting the wires I82 and I88, and

speed; (4) make slowly and break rapidly; (5) make slowly and breakslowly; (6) make slowly and break normally; (7) make normally and breakrapidly; (8) make normally and break slowly; By. means of series orparallel connections be- .tween the main and auxiliary windings, manylating material, inwhich case the slot would not be necessary. A mainwinding 88 is provided on, the sleeve 88 between the heads 85 and 88,and having the wires 88 and I88 brought out so that connections may bemade thereto.

The sleeve 88 is also provided with an auxiliary winding I8I, which haswires I82 and I88 brought out so that connections may be made thereto.The yoke 8| an upper right angle portion I84 extending from apartadjacent to the sleeve 88 when the solenoid winding is positionedthereon. The sleeve with its windings thereon may be placed in aposition on the base 82 and shoved to the left, as viewed in Figure 8,and the plug I85 inserted and secured to the base by a screw I88. 'Theupper end of the plug I88 is hollowed out in the form ofa hollow coneI81. A plunger I88 has its lower end I88 of conical form, matching thehollow cone I81. The upper end of the plunger I88 may have a fiat II,8milled therein, and may be provided ,with a hole II I for linking thesame up to impart the motion of the plunger to suitable mechanisms, thenormal position of the plunger being such that most of its length isoutside the sleeve, and in line therewith.

By means of the wires I82 and I88, the auxiliary winding maybe connectedto a source of current, thereby building up the flux to, for example,the point Y, on the curve F, prior to the time the solenoid is to beactuated, then, when current is sent through the main winding 88, by

means of the wires 88 and I88, the flux rapidly builds up to a maximum,and the response of the plunger I88 is faster than it would be withoutthe auxiliary excitation.

' The solenoid may be connected to operate slowif the main winding 88 isused alone, the sole- 55 noid will operate at a normal rate of speed.

The relay shown diagrammatically, in Figure 9, is a single acting relayIn other words, it

' operates when current is supplied to its windings and attracts thearmature as long as the actuating current is supplied thereto, andreleases the armature as soon as the current is interrupted.

This relay has a core I I2 having therein a main winding II8 positionedbetween the heads of insulation IN and H5, and an auxiliary winding II8positioned between the heads H5 and H1. The auxiliary winding .I I8 isin the case of this relay utilized both to cause the flux in thecore tobuild up very rapidly and thereby attract the armature H8, and to actslowly in releasing the armature II8 as will presently be described.

The armature H8 is so arranged that through the medium of a bumper II8,preferably of insulated material, motion therefrom may be im-U (9) makenormally and break normally. 5

and when the contact are brought into engagement parted to a pluralityof contact arms which will now be described.

A contact arm I23 is directly engaged by the bumper I II, which carriesa contact point I2I. A contact arm I22 carries a contact point I23adapted to cooperate with the contact point I2I, The contact arm I25carries a contact point I26 which normally makes contact with a doublecontact point I23 connected by the contact arm I21. A push rod ofinsulation I2 is provided for connecting the contact arm I22 to thecontact arm I21 so that they may be moved simultaneously. A contact armI2! carries a contact point I30 which is adapted to cooperate with thedouble contact point I23 carried by the contact arm I21.

These contact arms are so arranged relative to each other and to thearmature I III that when the armature is attracted by the core II2contact is established between the contact points I2I and I23 and assaid contact is established, contact between the contact point I25 andthe double contact point I28 is'broken, then immediately after contactis established between the double contact point I23 and the contactpoint I 30.

The method of connecting the contact arms and the reason forestablishing and breaking the contacts in the order named will now bedescribed.

Binding posts I3I and I32 are provided on this relay for connecting thesame to any circuit or device which it is to control. I3I is connectedto the positive side of a source 0! current, and the binding post I32 isconnected to contact arm I20. Contact arm I22 is connected to thenegative side otthe line. 4

One end 01' the main winding I I3 is connected to the negative side ofthe line and one end of the auxiliary winding is connected to thenegative side' of the line via a suitable resistor I33. The other end ofthe auxiliary winding H6 is connected to the contact arm I21 via thewire I34,

arms are in normal position the contact arm I21 via the contact pointsI23 and to the positive side of the line through the connection I33. Theother end of the main winding III is connected via the wire I36 to thecontactor I31 which, for example, may correspond to one of the brushesin a tabulating machine The contactor I33 is connected by a wire I39 tothe contact arm I23 and to the "plus side of the line. To prevent unduesparking between the contacts "I and I23, a capacitor III is shuntedacross the contact arms I23 and I22.

Now, that instrumentalities to be controlled by this relay are connectedto the binding posts III and I32 (i'or example, the reset coils of oneor more relays. ure 1), and assuming that current is flowing through theauxiliary winding III which may be traced as follows: from the negativeside of thelineandviatheresistor I33tothe auxiliary winding III, fromthe auxiliary winding II via the wire I34 to the contact arm I21 and viathe contact points I28 and I23 to the contact arm I23 and via the wireI35 to the positive side of the line.

Now, assuming'tha t the contactors I31 and I38 y any means, for example,by the presence of a hole in a given position in a record card, the mainwinding H3 is energised. this winding may be traced as follows: from thenegative side of the line to o e end 01' the main winding II3 from theother end of the main The binding post- I23 and the contact arm I25,connects The path oi the current energizing winding I I3, via the wireI3 to the contactor I31 and. on to the contactor I33, thence, via wireI3! to the wire I 35 and the positive side of the line. The auxiliarywinding IIS having previously set up an initial flux in the core II2(for example, up to the point "Y on the curve shown in Figure 10), theact of energizing the main winding II3 causes the flux to build up to amaximum in the core -I I2 in a shorter time than if the auxiliarywinding I It had not been excited.

When the flux in the core II2 builds up to a maximum, the armature IIIis thereby attracted and via the bumper 9 moves the contact arm I20downward, as viewed in Figure 9, and establishes contact between thecontact points HI and I23, and thereby connecting the binding post I32to the negative side of the line. The motion of the armature H8, inaddition to closing the contacts I2I and i235 as described, also via thepush rod I 24 breaks contact between the contact point I26 and thecontact point I28, thereby disconnecting the auxiliary winding Hi fromthe line. Immediately aiter this contact is broken by the motion of thesame push rod I23, contact is established between the contact point I23and the contact point I30, thereby short-circuiting the auxiliarywinding II.

The short-circuiting oi. the auxiliary winding H6 is for the purpose ofcausingthe flux in the core 2 to die down slowly when the main winding-II3-is de-energized by the) breaking of contact between the contactorsI31 and I38, the short-circuited coil tending to set up forces thatresist changes in the number 01' lines 0! Iorce in the core II2.

Thereafter this arrangement shown in Figure 9 and above describedprovides a single acting relay which attracts the armature and holds thesame until current passing through the main winding is broken, andhaving added features and instrumentalities which cause it to actuatethe armature very rapidly and to release the same slowly. The actuationand deactuation of this relay may be under the control of holes in arecord card but the control 01 the facilities for making it act fast orslowly is directly under control of the armature itself.

It is obvious that any instrumentality to be controlled by this relay,if the same has its return wire connected to the same positive side ofthe line, to effect control it would only be necessary to connect itsother terminal to the binding post I32, in which case the connection tothe binding post I3I would be unnecessary.

Many modifications may be made in the device without departing from thespirit of invention.

What is claimed is:

1. In a high speed relay an electro-magnetic core, a movable memberadapted to be actuated by said core, a main winding and an auxiliarywinding on said core, record controlled means for energizing saidauxiliary winding to build up an initial flux in said core of less thansuiiicient strength to actuate said member whereby the lag incident tobuilding up the magnetic flux in said core to a maximum when said mainwinding is energized is reduced, and a single source of current forenergizing said windings.

2. In a high speed relay an electro-magnetic core, a movable memberadapted to be actuated by said core, two windings on said core one oisaid windings having more ampere turns than the other, the winding oiless ampere turns being adapted when energized to build up an initialmagneto-motive force in said core 01' less than sufllcient strength toactuate said member, whereby the lag incident to building up themagnetomotive force to a maximum in said core upon the energization ofthe main winding is reduced, and a single source oi current forenergizing said windings.

3. In a high speed relay an electro-magnetic core, a movable memberadapted to be actuated by said core, and a main winding and an auxiliarywinding on said core, said windings terminating in a series of jacks,and a source 01 current also terminating in jacks, whereby said windingsmay be selectively connected to said source thereby predetermining thespeed at which said relay.

operates.

4. In a high speed relay an electro-magnetic core, a movable memberadapted to be actuated by said core, two :wlndings on said core one ofwhich has more ampere turns than the other, a plurality of contact armsoperatively engaged by said movable member, a plurality of sockets someof which are connected to said windings and some of which are connectedto said contact arms,

a pair of sockets connected to a source of current, and means includingplug wires for interconnecting said sockets whereby a plurality ofselective variations of speed inthe operation of said relay may beobtained.

5. In a device of the character described an armature carrying a movablecontact arm, a stationary contact arm adapted to cooperate with saidmovable contact arm in one extreme position of said armature, a secondstationary contact arm adapted to cooperate with said movable arm whensaid armature is in the extreme opposite position, a pair ofelectro-magnets one of which is positioned on one side of said armatureand the other on the opposite side of said :armature, said magnets eachhaving main and auxiliary windings the latter being comprised of lessampere turns than said first windings, and a panel having a plurality ofjacks mounted therein some of said jacks forming the terminals of alloperative points of said device, and others of said jacks formingterminals for a source of current, whereby they may be selectivelyinterconnected for a plurality of operating conditions.

6. In a relay a yoke, a pair of electro-magnets supported by said yokeand oppositely disposed therein, a pivoted armature between adjacentpoles of said magnets, a contact arm carried by said armature andmovable therewith, a pair of stationary contact arms supported on saidyoke and having contact points positioned adjacent to each side of saidmovable contact arm, a'doubie contact point carried'by said movablecontact arm and adapted to cooperate with said stasaid armature beingstationary contact arms having contact tionary contact points, a togglespring engaging said armature to urge the same against its pivots andadapted to hold the armature in such positions that said movable contactalways engages one or the other of said stationary contacts, andadjustable means supported on said yoke and engaging said toggle springfor adjusting the 'latter both laterally and longitudinally.

"1. A relay as claimed in claim 6 in which an arm supported on the yokeis provided for carrying a toggle spring adjusting screw having a.groove therein engaging a straight portion of the toggle spring, wherebythe spring may be ad-.- justed laterally relative to the armature, and asecond screw at right angles to saidfirst screw adapted to increase ordecrease the vertical tension of said toggle spring.

8. A relay as claimed in claim 6 in which the armature is pivoted in a Vslot in said yoke, and in which an arm supported on said yoke carries ascrew longitudinally adjustable relative to the cores of said magnetswhereby a toggle spring engaging said armature and a circular groove insaid screw may be adjusted relative to the slot.

9. In a relay, a yoke, a pair of electro-magnets supported by said yokeand oppositely disposed therein, the active ends of said magnets beingpositioned adjacent to each other, a. V-slot formed in said yoke betweensaid magnets, an armature having a knife edge positioned in said V-slot,positioned between adjacent poles of said magnets, a contact arm carriedby said armature and movable therewith, a pair of stationary contactarmsinsulatedly supported on said yoke, some of said stationary contactarms having contact points positioned adjacent to one side of saidmovable contact arm, others of said points positioned adjacent to theother side of said movable contact arm, contact points carried by saidmovable contact arm adapted to cooperate with contact points onsaidstationary contact arms, a support carried by said yoke, a screwcarried by said support adapted to move in a line substantially parallelto the center axis of said magnets, means forming a groove in saidscrew, a toggle spring having free ends engaging said armature,andayconnected portion opposite said free ends engaging said groove,whereby the position of said connected portion may be changed relativeto an 'axis passing through saidV-slot.

10. A'device according to claim 9 in winch said support is provided-witha lateral adjustment whereby the tension of said toggle spring againstsaid armature may be varied.

LINCOLN M;

